By P.A. Stone
ISBN-10: 0203240545
ISBN-13: 9780203240540
ISBN-10: 0203472934
ISBN-13: 9780203472934
ISBN-10: 041913560X
ISBN-13: 9780419135609
ISBN-10: 0419135707
ISBN-13: 9780419135708
We want structures for housing and for the opposite prone they supply for us and our actions. Our calls for stimulate provide, making a marketplace. because the marketplace provides and prone those structures it makes calls for on nationwide assets, alterations nearby economies and populations, impacts the standard of lifestyles and creates expenditures and merits. making plans execs got down to keep watch over the marketplace, occasionally removal imperfections, occasionally developing them. Their coverage judgements have to take account of the most likely adjustments in undefined, know-how, existence types and expectancies and the calls for they are going to generate. simply because there are by no means enough assets to satisfy those calls for, challenging judgements need to be taken. it truly is crucial that the choice makers are as well-informed as attainable. this article describes how the marketplace operates, giving an image of the economics of improvement, use and administration of the outfitted setting. the writer can pay specific recognition to the problems and ideas for the longer term, so as to enhancing decision-taking in making plans.
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Extra info for Development and Planning Economy: Environmental and Resource Issues
Example text
Overheads tend to rise but so does productivity, so that marginal costs do not rise so rapidly as before. The best returns, therefore, are obtained at a higher level of output (O• at P•) than formerly (Fig. 5). Thus the supply curve is shifted to the right in the same way as the demand curve would be shifted if demand increased. 8 MEDIUM-TERM PRICES In the medium term it might pay a producer to continue with his level of production even when the price does not cover costs plus normal profit and overheads cannot be reduced in the same period.
12 DEVELOPERS’ EXPENDITURE AND REVENUE Developers’ costs include those for market research, site investigation, land, planning and design, site clearance, development and construction, market ing, fees, administration, interest and taxes. If, in addition to developing property, they also retain it as an investment, they incur further management costs and possibly running costs, fees, interest and taxation on the building. Market research informs developers about the variables in the market within which they propose to operate.
In such a situation rising home demand may have a greater effect in increasing imports than in increasing home employment. 12 NATIONAL INCOME AND THE MULTIPLIER EFFECT Increases in employment and rises in productivity generate a larger national income, a larger supply of goods and services and an increase in demand. Additional economic activities create a demand for additional labour, materials and plant, creating additional employment and incomes. This in turn creates more demand, employment and incomes and hence yet further demand until the initial effect is exhausted.
Development and Planning Economy: Environmental and Resource Issues by P.A. Stone
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